Isingeniso
Ekusebenzeni kwansuku zonke kwezikhungo zezimboni, ubungozi obuthile zithola ukunakwa okungalingani kanti ezinye zihlala zingabukelwa phansi. Izehlakalo eziyinhlekelele njengokuqhuma noma ukuwa kwesakhiwo ziyala ukugxila kokuphatha ngokushesha. Izindleko ezijwayelekile ezifana nesikhathi esengeziwe somsebenzi noma ukushintshwa okuthengwayo zilandelelwa ngokunemba. Kodwa phakathi kwalokhu kuziphatha okweqisayo kukhona indawo eyimpumputhe ebiza abaqhubi bezitshalo amakhulu ezinkulungwane zamaRandi ngonyaka ngaphandle kokuvela esitatimendeni senzuzo nokulahlekelwa.
Isikhathi sokuphumula se-silo esingahleliwe esibangelwa ukunqwabelana kwezinto, ukubhodlozwa, noma ukubhoboza amagundane kuleyo ndawo eyimpumputhe.
Lapho isisele sikasimende siyeka ukulahla ngoLwesihlanu ntambama, ithimba elilungisayo libhekana nezibalo ezijwayelekile. Khokha amanani esikhathi esengeziwe ukuze iqembu labasebenzi lingene futhi lisuse okuvimbayo. Yamukela izinsuku ezintathu kuya kweziyisihlanu zokulahlekelwa kokukhiqiza ngenkathi isikafula simiswa futhi kufakwa umoya. Noma shiya inkinga kuze kube yilapho ukuphela okuhleliwe okulandelayo bese ubeka engcupheni ukuwohloka okwengeziwe.
Inketho ngayinye ithwala izindleko. Kodwa zimbalwa izikhungo ezilandelela lezi zindleko ngendlela ehlelekile. Ngenxa yalokho, umthwalo wangempela wezomnotho wesikhathi sokuphumula se-silo esingahleliwe uhlala ufihliwe. Futhi izinkinga ezifihliwe azivamile ukuthola izixazululo ezanele.
Lesi sihloko silinganisa izindleko zangempela zesikhathi sokuphumula esingahleliwe se-silo, sihlola ukuthi kungani amamodeli avamile okuphendula ehluleka, futhi iveza uhlaka lokusuka ekulawulweni kwenhlekelele okusebenzayo kuye ekuvimbeleni isikhathi sokuphumula.
Isahluko sokuqala: I-Anatomy Yesikhathi Sokuphumula SeSilo Esingahleliwe
Ngaphambi kokubala izindleko, kubalulekile ukuqonda ukuthi kwenzeka kanjani ukwehla kwe-silo okungahleliwe. Izindlela ziqondwa kahle ngamathimba okusebenza kodwa azihlaziywa ngendlela ehlelekile.
Imodi yokwehluleka evame kakhulu ukuphazanyiswa kokukhipha. Impahla iyeka ukugeleza isuka endaweni yesisele ngenxa yokugoba, lapho idomu elizinzile lakheka ngaphezu kwendawo yokukhipha amanzi, noma ngenxa yokubhoboza amagundane, lapho ukugeleza kudala umsele omncane kuyilapho okokusebenza okuzungezile kuhlala kumile. Zombili izimo zivame ukukhula kancane kancane phakathi nezinsuku noma amasonto. Umsebenzisi uqala abone izikhathi ezinde zokukhipha. Bese ukugeleza okuphakathi. Bese uqedela ukumisa.
Imodi yesibili yokuhluleka ukulahlekelwa umthamo. Impahla inqwabelana ezindongeni zesilo noma ezindaweni ezifile, kunciphisa umthamo wokulondoloza osebenzayo. Lokhu akukumisi ukukhiqiza ngokushesha kodwa kuphoqa indawo ukuthi isebenze ngesitoko esincishisiwe sebhafa. Uma izinqubo ezikhuphuka nomfula ziqhubeka nokondla okubalulekile kuyilapho izinqubo ezansi nomfula zidonsa embonweni enciphayo esebenzisekayo, ingozi yokuvalwa ngempoqo iyanda ngehora ngalinye.
Imodi yesithathu yokwehluleka ukulimala kwemishini ehlobene nokunqwabelana. Izinto ezakhelwe eduze kwamavalvu akhipha amanzi, amapuleti aphuzwayo, noma izinzwa zeleveli zingabangela ukubopha ngomshini, ukufundwa okungamanga, noma ukwehluleka okuphelele kwengxenye. Ngokuvamile ukungenelela kokuhlanza akuqanjwanga ukunqwabelana ngokwako kodwa ukwehluleka kwengxenye engaphansi komfula lapho ukunqwabelana konakalisiwe.
Esimeni ngasinye, isikhathi sokwehluleka asibikezeleki. Lokhu kungaqiniseki kuwumthombo wezindleko eziningi.
Isahluko Sesibili: Izindleko Eziqondile - Ziyabonakala Kodwa Ezikhathini Ezijwayelekile Azicatshangwa Ngokungeyikho
Uma isisele siyeka ukushajwa kungalindelekile, izindleko ezisheshayo ziyabonakala kodwa ngokuvamile zibukelwa phansi kubhajethi yangaphambili.
Izindleko eziqondile zokuqala umsebenzi ophuthumayo. Izisebenzi zokuhlanza mathupha ezikwazi ukungena ezindaweni ezivalekile ziyala izilinganiso zeprimiyamu zomsebenzi ohleliwe. Ngocingo oluphuthumayo, amanani ngokuvamile akhuphuka ngamaphesenti angamashumi amahlanu kuya kwayikhulu. Kuyasebenza iziphindaphinda zangempelaviki nezamaholide. Ezindaweni ezisezifundeni ezinezivikelo eziqinile zabasebenzi, ubude besikhathi esincane sokubiza amahora ayisishiyagalombili noma ayishumi nambili bujwayelekile, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi umsebenzi wangempela udinga isikhathi esingakanani.
Izindleko eziqondile zesibili ukulungisa okuhlobene nokuphepha. Ngaphambi kokuba noma yimuphi umuntu angene esiseleni, umkhathi kufanele uhlolwe futhi uqashwe ngokuqhubekayo. Imishini yokungenisa umoya kufanele isetshenziswe. Izisebenzi ezilindile zokutakula kumele zibekwe endaweni yokungena. Imishini yokuzivikela yomuntu siqu ehlanganisa ama-airspirators anikeziwe, amahhanisi, namagiya okuxhumana kufanele anikezwe futhi ahlolwe. Ngayinye yalezi zinto inezindleko eziqondile. Ehlanganisiwe, angalingana noma adlule izindleko zabasebenzi beqembu lokuhlanza ngokwalo.
Izindleko eziqondile zesithathu i-scaffolding noma izinto zokufinyelela. Izisele eziningi zidinga isikafula sangaphakathi ukuze sifinyelele izindawo zokunqwabelana ezitholakala phezulu ezindongeni noma esigabeni sekhoni. Ukwakha isikafula ngaphakathi kwendawo evalekile kuhamba kancane, kudinga umsebenzi omkhulu, futhi kungaphansi kwezidingo zakhona zokuphepha. Kwezinye izimo, ukufakwa kwesikafula kuthatha isikhathi eside kunomsebenzi wokuhlanza owuvumelayo.
Izindleko eziqondile zesine ukuphatha nokulahlwa kwempahla. Izinto ezikhishwe esiseleni kufanele zihanjiswe zikhishwe endaweni. Uma impahla iqinile noma iguqule izakhiwo ngesikhathi sokugcina isikhathi eside, ingase idinge ukuchotshozwa noma ukucutshungulwa ngaphambi kokuthi iphinde ifakwe emugqeni wokukhiqiza noma ithunyelwe ukulahlwa kukadoti. Isinyathelo ngasinye sokuphatha sinezela abasebenzi, izinto zokusebenza, kanye nezindleko zokuhamba.
Lezi zindleko eziqondile, uma zifingqwa ngomcimbi wesililo wosayizi omaphakathi ojwayelekile, ngokuvamile zifinyelela izibalo ezeqa ukwehla konyaka kwemishini yokuhlanza ezenzakalelayo. Kodwa ngenxa yokuthi zibhekwa njengezindleko eziphuthumayo ezingavamile kunezindleko zokusebenza ezibikezelwayo, azivamile ukuthi zicuphe ukubuyekezwa kokutshalwa kwezimali okukhulu.
Isahluko Sesithathu: Izindleko Ezingaqondile - Inqwaba Efihliwe
Izindleko eziqondile, nakuba zizinkulu, zimelela ingxenye encane yomthelela wezomnotho wesikhathi sokuphumula esingahlelelwe. Ingxenye enkulu isezindlekweni ezingaqondile ezingaveli ku-invoyisi yesondlo.
Izindleko ezingaqondile ezibaluleke kakhulu ukukhiqizwa okulahlekile. Uma isisele siyeka ukukhipha, umfula uqhubeka uhamba kancane noma ume ngokuphelele. Ezimbonini eziqhubekayo zokukhiqiza ezifana nosimende, ukukhiqiza ugesi, noma ukucubungula ukudla, ihora ngalinye lesikhathi sokuphumula kunciphisa okukhiphayo okungeke kutholakale. Ngokungafani nokukhiqiza okuhlukahlukene lapho amashifu esikhathi esengeziwe anganxephezela isikhathi esilahlekile, izinqubo eziqhubekayo zilahlekelwa ukusebenza unomphela.
Inani lomkhiqizo olahlekile lincike emaphethelweni esikhungo. Emikhiqizweni yemali eningi noma izimakethe ezinomthamo omningi, ithani ngalinye elingakhiqiziwe limelela ukuncishiswa okuqondile komnikelo. Ezikhungweni ezisebenza eduze nomthamo ogcwele, ngisho namahora ayishumi nambili okungasebenzi okungahleliwe kungashintsha imiphumela yezezimali yekota ngokuphawulekayo.
Izindleko zesibili ezingaqondile ukuphazamiseka kweshejuli. Isikhathi sokuphumula se-silo esingahleliwe asivamile ukwenzeka ngezikhathi ezikahle. Kwenzeka ngezimpelasonto, ngezikhathi zesidingo esikhulu, noma ngokushesha ngaphambi kokunqamuka okuhleliwe lapho ukukhiqizwa sekungaphansi kwengcindezi. Uma umcimbi ongahleliwe uphoqa ukuhlelwa kabusha kweminye imisebenzi yokulungisa, imiphumela ye-cascade iyaphindaphindeka. Ukuhlolwa kwe-turbine kubambezeleke ngezinsuku ezimbili ngenxa yokuthi ukuhlanzwa kwesisele kudle iwindi lokulungisa kungase kuholele ekuhlulekeni okuhlukile okungahlelelwe kamuva.
Izindleko ezingaqondile zesithathu ezokuthutha kanye nomthelela we-supply chain. Ezikhungweni ezisebenza ngesikhathi esifanele amasistimu wokusungula noma ezinikeza amakhasimende amawindi okulethwa aqinile, ukuphazamiseka okukodwa okungahleliwe kokukhiqiza kungase kubangele izinhlawulo zokulethwa sekwephuzile, umonakalo wenkontileka, noma ukulahlekelwa kwekhasimende. Kwezinye izimboni, ukuthunyelwa okugejiwe okukodwa kungaholela ekulahlekelweni unomphela kwe-akhawunti yekhasimende.
Izindleko zesine ezingaqondile ukunakwa kwabaphathi. Nakuba kunzima ukulinganisa, ukuphambukiswa komphathi weplanti, umphathi wokulungisa, kanye nezinsiza zobunjiniyela ekuphenduleni izinkinga kunezindleko zangempela zamathuba. Isikhathi esichithwa ekuphatheni umcimbi wokuhlanza izimo eziphuthumayo isikhathi esingachithiwe kumaphrojekthi wokuthuthukisa ukwethembeka, ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzisi, noma ukuthuthukiswa kwenqubo. Ngokuhamba konyaka, izikhungo ezithola isikhathi sokuphumula esingahleliwe njalo zisebenzisa ingxenye elinganisekayo yamandla azo okuphatha ekucimeni umlilo kunokuba ngcono.
Izilinganiso zemboni ziphakamisa ukuthi ezikhungweni eziningi, izindleko eziphelele ezingaqondile zesikhathi sokuphumula esingahleliwe zedlula izindleko eziqondile ngesilinganiso sokuthathu kuya kwezinhlanu. Umcimbi wesililo ongenisa amadola ayizinkulungwane eziyishumi ezindlekweni zokuhlanza ngokuqondile ungase uphathe izinkulungwane ezingamashumi amathathu kuya kwezingamashumi amahlanu zamadola ezindlekweni ezifihliwe. Nokho ngenxa yokuthi lezi zindleko ezingaqondile aziveli kunoma imuphi umugqa wesabelomali owodwa, azivamile ukufakwa ezinqumweni mayelana nokutshalwa kwezimali okuvimbelayo.
Isahluko Sesine: Imodeli Yezimpendulo Zendabuko kanye Nezindlela Zazo Zokuhluleka
Uma kubhekwa izindleko ezishiwo ngenhla, kungani izikhungo eziningi kangaka ziqhubeka nokuthembela kumamodeli asebenzayo, okuhlanza ngezandla? Impendulo ilele endleleni izinhlangano ezibona ngayo futhi zicubungule izindleko ezingajwayelekile.
Imodeli yempendulo evamile ilandela iphethini ebikezelwayo. Isisele siyayeka ukukhipha. Ithimba elilungisayo lenza umsebenzi wesikhashana njengokugwedla noma ukubethela indawo yokuphuma. Uma ukulungiswa kwesikhashana kwehluleka, isikhungo sibiza usonkontileka wokuhlanza izimo eziphuthumayo. Usonkontileka uyawuqeda umsebenzi. Imisebenzi iyaqhubeka. I-invoyisi ikhokhiwe. Futhi iphethini iphinda ngesikhathi esilandelayo lapho ukunqwabelana kufinyelela emazingeni abucayi.
Lo modeli uphikelela ngenxa yezizathu eziningana. Okokuqala, izindleko zomcimbi ngamunye, nakuba zibalulekile, azivamile ukuba nkulu ngokwanele ukuze ziqalise imikhawulo yokugunyazwa kwemali enkulu. I-invoyisi yokuhlanza izimo eziphuthumayo zamadola ayizinkulungwane ezingamashumi amabili ingase ingakhululeki kodwa ingafakwa ngaphakathi kwesabelomali sokusebenza. Uhlelo lokuhlanza oluzenzakalelayo lwamadola ayizinkulungwane ezimbili ludinga isicelo semali, isethulo sokuphatha, kanye nokubalwa kwembuyiselo yeminyaka eminingi. Izindleko ezincane, eziphindelelayo kulula ngokwepolitiki ukuthi zigunyazwe kunotshalomali olukhulu, olufika kanye, ngisho noma isamba sezindleko eziqhubekayo sidlula ngokushesha ukutshalwa kwezimali.
Okwesibili, isikhathi sezindleko nezinzuzo asihambisani. Inzuzo yemishini yokuhlanza ezenzakalelayo ibonakala njengokugwema ukungasebenzi esikhathini esizayo. Kodwa isikhathi sokuphumula esigwenyiwe ukungabikho komcimbi, okunzima ukuwukala futhi okungenakwenzeka ukuwubona ngokuqondile. Abaphathi bezitshalo abatshala imali ezintweni zokuvikela kumele bavikele ukutshalwa kwezimali ku-counterfactual, bekuzokwenzekani ngaphandle kwayo. Ozakwabo abaqhubeka nokukhokha ama-invoyisi ezimo eziphuthumayo bangakhomba umsebenzi othile oqediwe ngamanani athile asetshenzisiwe. Izindleko ezibonakalayo kulula kakhulu ukuzithethelela kunokulondoloza okungabonakali.
Okwesithathu, inkumbulo yenhlangano yezenzakalo zesikhathi sokuphumula ifushane. Isikhungo singase sibe nokumiswa kwezisele okungahleliwe okungahleliwe ngonyaka, ngakunye kubangele ukuphazamiseka okukhulu. Kodwa umphathi wezokulungisa ogunyaza isistimu yokuhlanza ezenzakalelayo kufanele athethelele ukutshalwa kwezimali ngokusekelwe kusilinganiso saleyo micimbi. Ngesikhathi uhlelo lufakwa futhi lusebenza, imininingwane ethile yezehlakalo ezimbi kakhulu isinyamalele kwinkumbulo ehlangene. Ubuhlungu obuthethelele ukutshalwa kwezimali abusabuzwa.
Lezi zici zokuziphatha zichaza ukuthi kungani amamodeli asebenzayo ephikelela ngisho noma ephansi ngokwezomnotho. Ukuzinqoba kudinga indlela ehlukile kukho kokubili ukubalwa kwezindleko kanye nokulungiswa kokutshalwa kwezimali.
Isahluko Sesihlanu: Uhlaka Lokuvimbela - Ukushintsha Ijika
Ukusuka empendulweni yesimo esibucayi uye ekuvimbeleni ukuphumula okusebenzayo kudinga izinguquko kuwo wonke amazinga amathathu: ukulinganisa, ubuchwepheshe, kanye nenqubo.
Ezingeni lokulinganisa, izinsiza kufanele ziqale ukulandelela izindleko ezigcwele zesikhathi sokuphumula esingahleliwe se-silo. Lokhu kusho ukuthwebula hhayi kuphela izindleko eziqondile zokuhlanza izimo eziphuthumayo kodwa nenani lomkhiqizo olahlekile, izindleko zokuphazamiseka kweshejuli, kanye nesabelo sokunakwa kwabaphathi. Isifanekiso esilula esingezwe ekubuyekezweni komcimbi wokuthunyelwe singafeza lokhu. Okubalulekile ukungaguquguquki. Wonke umcimbi, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi ungakanani, uthola ukuhlaziywa kwezindleko okufanayo. Kuphela ngedatha ephelele lapho umthwalo wezomnotho wangempela ungaqondwa.
Ezingeni lobuchwepheshe, izinsiza kufanele zihlole ukuhlanza kwamahhala kanye nempahla yokuhlola ngokusekelwe ezindlekweni eziphelele zobunikazi kunentengo yokuthenga. Amarobhothi okuhlola abiza ingxenyenamba yesehlakalo esisodwa esiphuthumayo anganikeza isexwayiso sangaphambi kwesikhathi ngaphambi kokuba ukunqwabelana kufinyelele kumazinga abalulekile. Imishini yokubhidliza isilawuli kude edinga ukuqeqeshwa komsebenzisi ingabiwa kuwo wonke ama-silo amaningi noma izinsiza eziningi. Icala lokutshalwa kwezimali liba ngcono kakhulu uma lihlolwa kuqhathaniswa nezindleko ezigcwele zezinkinga ezivinjiwe kunentengo yesisetshenziswa sodwa.
Ezingeni lenqubo, ukuhlanzwa kwezisele kufanele kuhlanganiswe nezinhlelo zokulungisa ezihleliwe. Lokhu kusho ukuhlola okuhleliwe kusetshenziswa izindlela ezikude noma zerobhothi. Kusho ukuchaza amaphuzu okuqalisa okungenelela ngokusekelwe kumazinga okunqwabelana okulinganiselwe esikhundleni sokumiswa okuphelele. Futhi kusho ukwaba isabelomali sokuhlanza okuvimbelayo njengezindleko zokusebenza ezibikezelwayo esikhundleni sokucela izimali eziphuthumayo ngemva kokwehluleka ngakunye.
Ukushintsha ukusuka kokusabelayo kuye kokuvimbelayo akudingi ukuqeda yonke imicimbi engahleliwe ngokushesha. Kudinga ukunciphisa imvamisa nokuqina kwazo. Isikhungo esibhekana nokumiswa kwezisele okungahleliwe okuthathu ngonyaka singakhomba okokuqala, bese kuba ezimbili zaleyo micimbi ukuze kunqandwe. Umcimbi ngamunye ovinjiwe udala ukonga okungalinganiseka okungaphinde kutshalwe emandleni okuvimbela. Lo mphumela ohlanganisayo, uma usuqalile, uyashesha.
Isahluko Sesithupha: Amaphethini Amacala - Ukuthi Ukuvimbela Okuphumelelayo Kubukeka Kanjani
Nakuba idatha ethile yesikhungo ingeke yabiwe ngaphandle kwezivumelwano zobumfihlo, amaphethini abonwe kuzo zonke izinhlelo eziphumelelayo zokuvimbela ayahambisana futhi ayafundisa.
Ngephethini eyodwa, izikhungo ezethula ukuhlolwa kwamarobhothi ngekota zehlise izehlakalo zesikhathi sokuphumula ezingahleliwe ze-silo ngaphezulu kwesigamu phakathi nezinyanga eziyishumi nambili. Idatha yokuhlola ivumele amaqembu okulungisa ukuthi ahlele ukuhlanza ngesikhathi sokucima okuhleliwe kunokusabela ezimeni eziphuthumayo. Izindleko zohlelo lokuhlola zazingaphansi kwezindleko zesehlakalo esisodwa esiphuthumayo.
Kwenye iphethini, izikhungo ezitshale imali emishinini yokubhidliza ekude yezisele zazo eziyinkinga kakhulu zabona izikhathi zokukhokha ezingaphansi kwezinyanga eziyisithupha. Imishini, eyayisetshenziswa izisebenzi zasendlini, yayisusa inqwaba ngamahora kunezinsuku. Ukwehliswa kokulahlekelwa kokukhiqiza kukodwa kuthethelele ukutshalwa kwezimali.
Ephethinini yesithathu, izikhungo ezihlanganisa ukuguqulwa kokunciphisa umthombo kuma-silo amasha nokuhlolwa kwerobhothi kuma-silo akhona zithole ukuncipha okuqhubekayo kokunqwabelana kwesikhathi sokuphumula okuhlobene kuyo yonke imikhumbi yazo yokugcina. Izisele ezintsha zazidinga ukuhlanzwa okuncane. Izisele ezikhona zithole ukungenelela okuhlosiwe okusekelwe kudatha. Isamba sezindleko zokulungisa ukuhlanza izisele zehlile njengoba isikhathi sokulungiswa kwemishini sikhuphuka.
Lawa maphethini abelana ngezinto ezifanayo. Isilinganiso sandulela isenzo. Ubuchwepheshe buvumela izindlela ezintsha zokusebenza. Izinguquko zenqubo zigcina izinzuzo. Futhi ukutshalwa kwezimali kokuqala, kungakhathaliseki ukuthi kusemishinini yokuhlola, amathuluzi okubhidliza, noma ukuguqulwa kobunjiniyela, kuvunyelwa izindleko zezinkinga ezivinjwayo.
Isiphetho
Isikhathi sokuphumula se-silo esingahleliwe akusona isenzo semvelo. Kuwumphumela obikezelwayo wokunqwabelana okuvunyelwe ukuthi kuthuthukele ekuhlulekeni. Izindleko zinkulu, zikhulu kakhulu kunezindawo eziningi ezibalelwa kuzo. Futhi izixazululo ziyatholakala, zifakazelwe, futhi ziya ngokuya zithengeka.
Okuvimbela ukwamukelwa okusabalele kwezinhlelo zokuhlanza okuvimbelayo akukhona ukuba nokwenzeka kobuchwepheshe kodwa inertia yenhlangano. Izindleko zemodeli esebenzayo zifihliwe emigqeni eminingi yebhajethi. Izinzuzo zemodeli yokuvimbela zibangelwa izenzakalo ezingenzeki. Futhi abenzi bezinqumo abagunyaza ukutshalwa kwezimali ezinkulu bavikelekile ekukhungathekeni kwansuku zonke kwezingcingo eziphuthumayo.
Ukwephula lesi simo kudinga ukushintshwa kokuthi izindleko zesikhathi sokuphumula zilinganiswa futhi zidluliselwe kanjani. Uma abaphathi bemishini bengathula isithombe esiphelele sezindleko, okuhlanganisa ukukhiqizwa okulahlekile, ukuphazamiseka kweshejuli, nokunaka kwabaphathi okuphambukisiwe, icala lokutshalwa kwezimali lokuhlanzwa kokuvimbela liyacaca. Imali eyongiwe ekugwemeni isenzakalo esisodwa esingahleliwe ngokuvamile idlula izindleko zempahla edingekayo ukuze kuvinjwe.
Ezinsizeni zisasebenza kumodi esebenzayo, isinyathelo sokuqala ukukala. Landela ngomkhondo umcimbi olandelayo wesililo ongahleliwe ngokubala izindleko eziphelele. Qhathanisa isamba nezindleko zerobhothi lokuhlola noma ithuluzi lokubhidliza elikude. Igebe, uma selibonakala, lidinga isenzo.
Isinyathelo sesibili ukuqaliswa kokuhlola. Khetha isisele esisodwa, inkinga eyodwa, ukungenelela okukodwa. Linganisa umphumela. Bhala ukulondoloza. Yakha ukuzethemba.
Isinyathelo sesithathu ukukala. Nweba izinqubo zokuvimbela eziseleni ezengeziwe. Hlanganisa ukuhlanzwa kwezisele kumashejuli okulungisa ajwayelekile. Khipha indawo isuke ekuphenduleni yenhlekelele iye kwethembekile.
Isikhathi sokuphumula se-silo esingahleliwe siyabiza. Kodwa futhi kuyagwemeka. Amathuluzi akhona. Ezomnotho ziyasebenza. Isici esishodayo kuphela yisinqumo sokuqala.
